Indefinite Article Forms

â€Å"Chiamerà ² UN medico!† This means, â€Å"I’ll call a doctor.† But since we don’t know which doctor it is, we use the indefinite article â€Å"un,† which can be translated as â€Å"a.† The Italian indefinite article (articolo indeterminativo) indicates a generic, indefinite thing, which is considered unknown. Italian Indefinite Article Forms 1) Un The form â€Å"un† precedes masculine nouns beginning with a consonant except s consonant, z, x, pn, ps, and gn and sc, with usage corresponding to the article il: un bambino - a childun cane - a dogun dente - a toothun fiore - a flowerun gioco   - a game The form â€Å"un† also precedes masculine nouns that start with a vowel (including u): un amico - a friendun elmo - a helmetun incubo - a nightmareun oste - an innkeeperun uragano - a hurricaneun whisky - a whiskeyun week-end - a weekend Note that in front of a vowel the indefinite article â€Å"un† is never apostrophized since it’s not an elided form: unanno, unosso would be equivalent to una anno, una osso, both of which are incorrect. For the same reason un idea, un ora cannot be written without the apostrophe. Note the difference between un assistente (man) and unassistente (woman). 2) Uno The form â€Å"uno† precedes masculine nouns beginning with s consonant, z, x, pn, ps, and gn and sc, with usage corresponding to the article lo: uno sbaglio - a mistakeuno zaino - a backpackuno xilofono - a xylophoneuno (or also un) pneumatico - a tireuno pseudonimo - a pseudonymuno gnocco - a dumplinguno sceicco - a sheikhuno iato - a hiatus For words of foreign origin beginning with h, the same rules apply as lo. 3) Una (un) The form â€Å"una† precedes feminine nouns and is elided to â€Å"un† before a vowel (but not before the semivowel j), to be used with the article la: una bestia - a beastuna casa - a houseuna donna - a womanuna fiera - a fairuna giacca - a jacketuna iena - a hyenaUnanima - a soulUnelica - a propellerUnisola - an islandUnombra - a shadowUnunghia - a fingernail TIPS: Sometimes the indefinite article refers to a type, category, or variety and is equivalent to the word â€Å"ogni - each, every, any, all.†In the spoken language the Italian indefinite article is also used to express admiration (Ho conosciuto una ragazza!—I knew a girl!) or in the superlative sense (Ho avuto una paura!—I was fearful!).It may also indicate approximation and correspond to circa, pressappoco (about, approximately): dista un tre chilometri. (distance of three kilometers).In the example below, the use of the indefinite article overlaps with the definite article (articolo determinativo). Il giovane manca sempre desperienza. - All youngsters always lack experience.Un giovane manca sempre desperienza. - All youngsters always lack experience. Is there a plural? The indefinite article does not have a plural. However, the forms of the (articoli partitivi) dei, degli, and delle or of the (aggettivi indefiniti) qualche (followed by the singular), alcuni, and alcune can function as plurals: Sono sorte delle difficoltà  . - Difficulties have arisen.Ho ancora qualche dubbio. - I still have some doubts.Partirà ² fra alcuni giorni. - I will leave in a few days. or even: alcune difficoltà   - some difficultiesnumerosi dubbi - many doubtsparecchi giorni - many days Another alternative is to use neither the partitive nor the indefinite adjective, and instead express the plural noun without any description: Sono sorte difficoltà  . - Difficulties have arisenHo ancora dubbi. - I still have doubts.Partirà ² fra giorni. - I will leave in a few days.

World Geography Level South Africa - 1599 Words

Darin Colarusso Ms. Higgins World Geography Level 1 18 December 2014 South Africa South Africa is the future of Africa. They are undisputedly the economic, academic, and scientific leaders of that continent. They are the country that takes that first giant leap forward to a better life in Africa. South Africa is not like most of the other countries of Africa for many reasons. They are ahead of the game pretty much at any aspect. Even though they have major problems, they still are undoubtedly the line leaders of a broken continent. You may or may not know where exactly South Africa lies, but you would probably make the assumption it is in the southern portion of Africa. Countries that border South Africa are Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe,†¦show more content†¦South Africa’s culture as a whole has a lot to do with family. The families may be different in skin color, but the value is all the same. â€Å"The basic unit of South African society is the family, which includes the nuclear family and the extended family or tribe. In traditional African society, the tribe is the most important community as it is the equivalent of a nation. The tribe provides both emotional and financial security in much the same way the nuclear family does to white or coloured South Africans. The coloured and more traditional Afrikaans cultures consider their extended family to be almost as important as their nuclear family, while the English-speaking white community places more emphasis on the nuclear family. People in cities live a fast life while outside not as fast. Rural black communities still rooted to traditions. Non rural have mixed the ties with traditional and modern ways. People from Cape Town are very proud of their city, and often appear to have a superior attitude about their city versus the rest of the country. Family ties, long-term friendships and social standing are all important to Capetonians.† ( Kwissential ) As said before the country of South Africa is a very diverse country. There are many races and religions practiced there. There is a total of at least 5 different races in South Africa. Those races include african, white, colored, indian/asian, and other. In total, 51,770,560

Administration of a Staffing System Free Essays

The type of staffing organization can vary greatly from one company to another. How the staffing function is structured depends on the company’s size, type, strategy, budget, and staffing needs. In small organizations, all staffing may be handled by the owner or general manager. We will write a custom essay sample on Administration of a Staffing System or any similar topic only for you Order Now In mid-sized organizations, one or more HR generalists may be responsible for handling staffing along with a variety of HR duties. In large organizations, complex staffing departments with dedicated professionals may be created to handle extensive staffing needs. Other key decisions include the option of having a centralized or decentralized staffing function (discussed previously in this course) or whether to outsource some or all staffing functions. The establishment of written policies and procedures to manage the staffing system is extremely important in the process. Established guidelines help to keep the staffing system operating according to the staffing strategy. When there are clear, consistent policies and procedures to follow, the intent of the staffing function is clear. This keeps everyone playing by the same rules with the same focus in mind. The selection, implementation, and administration of staffing system technology is another important aspect. There are many types of technology available to help make the staffing function more efficient and effective. The careful consideration of staffing related technology can help ease the administrative burden of this HR function. The decision to outsource some or all staffing functions, and the management of the outsourced functions is a key factor in staffing. Outsourcing some or all staffing related functions may be appropriate for some organizations. It can be a good business decision, but must be managed properly to ensure that the goals of the organization are met and the quality of staffing is maintained. Recordkeeping and reporting, auditing, addressing privacy and other legal concerns regarding staffing is important. One of the most overlooked, but most important, areas within staffing involves proper and efficient recordkeeping and reporting of activities. How to cite Administration of a Staffing System, Essay examples

Childhood Development Multicultural Perspective - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Childhood Development for Multicultural Perspective. Answer: Introduction: It is the aim of theories of child development to focus on the way in which children evolve over time frames and grow in their childhood. Theories like these, focus on different natures of development including social, emotional and cognitive growth. The study of the progress of humans is a varied subject. It is difficult to understand the way in which children grow and act in a specific way. There are several theories behind the behavioural patterns of children based on their age, family relationships or individual temperaments. For getting an insight into human development there are several theories of child development to study and evaluate (Trawick-Smith, 2013). Theories of child development give a certain structure for thinking about human growth and learning. The importance of the study of development is in a sense that people can understand and evaluate the importance of psychological theories of development of children and their attitudes. There are certain factors which motivates human thought and behaviour as well as the provision of insight into the individuals into the society management. The ideas and the theories of child development has changed over the years. At first the concepts of child development were not given much of importance and modest concentration was given to their advances in cognitive abilities, usage of language, physical growth and that occurs during childhood and adolescence. There are certain theories of development which involve cognitive and social growth and some theories focus every aspect of the development (David Weinstein, 2013). The beginning of the twentieth century saw a novel school of thought recognized as behaviourism which was related with the concept of psychology. There was the concept of link of psychology which needed to emphasize only on the visible as well as quantifiable behaviour in order to become a much more valid discipline. The behavioural perspective focuses on the fact that the child behaviour is definable with the help of environmental influences. Behavioural theories of child development give emphasis on how the environmental interaction impacts behaviour and are based on the theories of several researchers. These researches point to the fact that the concept of learning occurs purely through the process of association as well as that of reinforcement. This particular theory is a lot different from erstwhile child development theories as it gives no consideration to the amount of internal thoughts and views. It basically concentrates on the experience regarding the way it shapes human d evelopment management (Gottfried, 2013). The cognitive developmental theory of Piaget focuses on the development of the thought process of a particular person which looks at the way in which the thought processes influence the way individuals understand as well as interact with the world (Greenfield Cocking, 2014). Children and their imitating behaviours: With the rapid pace of progressing generations, children have started meeting with their milestone much earlier or at faster pace than what their ancestors used to. Several factors are responsible for this. It is believed that if the physical behaviour is happening on time, then there is being an appropriate development of the brain. There is an inherent interest in the children to copy the behavioural patterns in the world around them (Groh et al. 2012). Imitation is an extremely powerful way by which the toddlers learn from others. Instead of just manipulating household objects, children start brushing their hair and also start talking over the phone. The toddlers are great imitators and they are eager to assist their caregivers in any way possible in any segment of the home or work. They specifically enjoy spending time with other children and also with people who give them happiness. It is the inherent functioning of the children to imitate the behaviour of those people who are a part of their daily lives (Masten, 2014). By watching and imitating others children learn the most powerful, acceptable and unacceptable forms of behaviour. In case there are inequalities of behaviour the children are bound to observe, learn and copy the behaviour as well. In case children find that people are not treating each other with kindness, respect and patience, children are also bound to follow their example. Children and their development and imagination needs to be encouraged in the positive sense (Barac Bialystok, 2012). Importance of understanding child behaviour: It is not uncommon to understand that the babies, toddlers and pre-schoolers are always learning and they imbibe habits and philosophies wherever they go. Once the babies start getting around on their own they can become whirlwinds of energy and curiosity, learning and the practicing new skills. There needs to be parents and caregivers who give proper education to the young children. The concept of understanding the procedure by which children change and grow over the course of their early years needs to be keenly studied and understood. The way in which children change needs to be properly understood in order to determine the way children grow physically as well as mentally (Bornstein Bradley, 2014). Conclusion: Early childhood development is extremely important in determining the way in which a person develops later on in their lives. The reasons for the way in which the children think and behave can be traced back to their childhood circumstances as well as their environment. Parents play a decisive role in the development of their child. In case the people are involved and provide a nurturing and rice environment they can be sure of contributing in a positive way towards the development of their child. The human brain is the most impressionable in the first few years of a persons life. Therefore it is the obligation of the parents and guardians to guarantee that the developmental procedures are successful and changing in the positive bond with their child. The early childhood development is an extremely important issue which needs to gain recognition for the understanding and awareness of the fact that the first few years of a childs life is extremely important. Children are the potential of the society and therefore it is important for every community to realize that proper steps need to be taken to make certain that each and every child is given the chance to build up properly. References: Barac, R., Bialystok, E. (2012). Bilingual effects on cognitive and linguistic development: Role of language, cultural background, and education.Child development,83(2), 413-422. Bornstein, M. H., Bradley, R. H. (Eds.). (2014).Socioeconomic status, parenting, and child development. Routledge. David, T. G., Weinstein, C. S. (Eds.). (2013).Spaces for children: The built environment and child development. Springer Science Business Media. Gottfried, A. W. (Ed.). (2013).Home environment and early cognitive development: Longitudinal research. Academic Press. Greenfield, P. M., Cocking, R. R. (Eds.). (2014).Cross-cultural roots of minority child development. Psychology Press. Groh, A. M., Roisman, G. I., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Bakermans?Kranenburg, M. J., Fearon, R. P. (2012). The significance of insecure and disorganized attachment for childrens internalizing symptoms: A meta?analytic study.Child development,83(2), 591-610. Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth.Child development,85(1), 6-20. Trawick-Smith, J. (2013).Early childhood development: A multicultural perspective. Pearson Higher Ed.

Publix Paper Essay Sample free essay sample

There is a demand for Publix to better the executing procedure of their current selling map. so that the company generates ways to remain consistent and successful with their current competitory place. It will distinguish their offering and make more value for the company in the supermarket industry. The current selling place at Publix provinces. in its on-line corporate selling subdivision that the company â€Å"seeks to aline our concern with the demands of our clients. Our aim is to guarantee competitory success by best fiting our merchandise and service offerings with the demand of our customers† ( Publix Supermarket Inc. . 2011 ) . The company should readapt and aline their executing around the aforesaid current selling place by spread outing their construct of quality over low monetary values into a construct that non merely provides quality but is successful at quality with economical monetary values. Harmonizing to Agonist Learning Center. â€Å"clever selling. great client service. We will write a custom essay sample on Publix Paper Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page and quality over low monetary values are the nucleus of Publix’s success. While Wal-Mart focal points on the other terminal of the market – the terminal that. with limited fiscal agencies. wants the lowest possible monetary values for sensible quality – Publix focuses on the client base with a small more money to spend† ( â€Å"Considering Publix Stock† . n. d. ) . Our proposed market place and scheme doesn’t expression at Publix clients as consumers interested in great quality than in salvaging dollars. we see a demand for great quality and nest eggs while being treated in the high care dress shop manner supermarket Publix offers than in less upscale warehouse styled food market shops that make clients experience â€Å"herded through cattle-call lines with annoyed cashiers† while having mean to low quality merely for low monetary values. Schemes Publix should re-strategize into new and advanced ways to market their quality merchandises. expand their promotional tactics and do seeable their strengths of successfully bring forthing long-run net incomes. effectual communicating throughout the organisation. successful execution of its Greenwise and Publix Apron’s division. every bit good as its exceeding information system and client satisfaction on cardinal merchandises like meats. fruits and bakeshop. New and advanced schemes that are integrated across the organisation will guarantee that Publix. â€Å"creates a perceptual experience among mark clients that Publix best and unambiguously satisfies their demands and wants. † as stated in their selling procedure program ( Publix. 2011 ) . In order to guarantee success with our proposed new selling place. we have included specific schemes that can increase company growing and gross revenues. New schemes that Publix can implement into their organisation are year-around publicities alternatively of concentrating on seasonal publicities and advertizement. Expose consumers to the different aspects of their supermarket. such as their cooking school. household simple repasts. formulas for the busy ma. Sunday dinner trades. event planning section. health and whole nutrient subdivisions. every bit good as their in house pharmaceutics. Expand their client familiarity plan. A client familiarity plan will break heighten how good Publix clients feel treated and valued. â€Å"Although the customer-centered house seeks to make high client satisfaction. that is non its ultimate end. Increasing client satisfaction by take downing monetary value or increasing services may ensue in lower profits† ( Kotler A ; Keller. 2012. p. 128 ) . An enhanced client familiarity plan would keep and increase Publix’s high client satisfaction index mark of 82 from 2009. The University of Mi chigan’s Claes Fornell developed an American Customer Satisfaction Index to mensurate consumers’ perceived satisfaction with different houses. industries. economic sectors. and national economic systems ( p. 130 ) . To go on being a leader in client satisfaction. the client familiarity plan would farther use Publix’s information system to find the merchandises a client buys often. the sum of gross revenues a client spends and other such information that can be utilized to aim and retain clients by directing vouchers. inducements or inserts that inform the client of when their frequent merchandises are on sale. With specified advertizement. money isn’t wasted on directing a cutter of information but alternatively specific demands of clients that were identified via their information system are highlighted. Finally. one time the new proposed place and new schemes are implemented into the organisation. Publix should re-train and inform their staff through memos. workshops. and internal communicating schemes. Internal communicating would re-emphasise a customer-approach outlook for the organisation and will place Publix to break compete with rivals like Walmart. IGA. Koger. SuperValu. and Whole Foods. Marketing Research Research by Hooley. Saunders. Piercy. and Nicoulaud ( 2008 ) supports the construct of Peter Doyl. a physician of media and mass communicating. that few companies are successful at exceling the mentality of afloat advertizement. short-run gross revenues growing and showy invention thoughts to carry through what Doyl calls a robust selling scheme that produces length of service and stockholder value. Doyl categorizes selling schemes into three degrees of extremist. rational and robust schemes. In a extremist scheme. companies achieve dramatic growing in gross revenues and net incomes but fail to make long-run clients and stockholder value through superior merchandises and services. A rational scheme accomplishes high short-run public presentation by making new merchandises that are significantly superior to or cheaper than traditional rivals. The most successful sort of scheme is a robust scheme that reaches long-run and stable public presentation by making superior client value and e difice digesting client relationships. Publix has some of the cardinal elements that are recognized by Doyl already incorporated in their current company scheme. But with a selling plan that has uninterrupted larning capableness. invention and betterment. along with developed and effectual supply ironss. an information system and other engineering that can present superior operating public presentations. than Publix can carry through Doyl’s construct of a robust scheme. Research identified that Publix is a successful private company and is ever ranked high in Forbes and Fortune under private company listings. As stated earlier in this selling program. Publix supermarket is the largest in Florida and one of the largest food market ironss in Florida every bit good. Publix is known for supplying better quality merchandises. maintain a motivated and good client service work force and is charitably and community involved. Publix shops are chiefly located in turning populations and to keep maintaining a strong return on investings. the new place and strategies we propose will supply an advanced and an expanded program that can keep growing as the population in their locations turn and as the company grows in the hereafter. Marketing Plan We have established a plan that will maintain Publix a leader in the supermarket industry. now and in the hereafter. called the PUBLIX Program. The PUBLIX Program lays accent on the key attributes that Publix will guarantee to keeping great service. growing and leading within its organisation through selling. Person-centered. plus up-to-date selling. plus best patterns. plus length of service. plus invention. plus x-ecution peers Publix’s Marketing Program. Person-centered means great client service. client keeping. client trueness. client satisfaction. and client familiarity. Customers will be a cardinal constituent when finding how to put to death schemes. Selling will remain up-to-date with the demands of its clients. its employees. their demographics. and the demands of the company to keep growing. every bit good as up-to-date ways to put to death their schemes. Publix will be the best at practising top service through a strategic construct of holding top-management committedness to quality. high criterions. net income grades. and systems for supervising service public presentation and client ailments ( Kotler A ; Keller. 2012. p. 366 ) . This plan advises Publix to Implement and put to death policies and processs that look towards consistent growing and length of service in gross revenues. relationships. employee keeping. and within their different markets. Invention is the key to length of service and remaining current with the other PUBLIX plan properties. Last. x-ecution is what differentiates market leaders from market followings. How good you execute a good program. scheme or plan puts you in the place to hold the largest market portions. lead in monetary values. new-product debut. distribution coverage. and or promotional strength. this constitutes a market leader. As Publix expands in shop locations. provinces and markets within their organisation. executing of a solid program will be a key for Publix.

Holy Farm Management

Holy Farm Management Executive Summary The core business activity of Holy Farm was production and sale of milk and cereals. However, the revenues generated from these activities have since declined. In order to increase revenue, the farm was opened to the public. Members of the public were allowed to visit the farm at a fee. The main attraction at the farm includes the milking parlor where the visitors watch the milking process. The farm has a capacity of 250 visitors per day.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Holy Farm Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the owners of the farm have not been able to receive the required 250 visitors per day. Thus, their main concern is to increase the number of visitors to the farm. This objective can be achieved in the following ways. First, the farm can be opened for a longer period. In particular, it can be opened in all months instead of closing it from November to March. The farm can also be opened during Christmas and Easter holidays. Second, the number of visitors can be increased by organizing educational trips and special events such as dance and coach parties. Finally, more revenue can be generated by opening a souvenirs shop and a restaurant. These can be opened through outsourcing. Managing Processes Introduction Holy Farm initially focused on the production and sale of milk and cereals. Following a decline in profits from their core business activities, Holy Farm was opened up to the public in order to generate more revenue. Consequently, the owners of the farm constructed car parks. They also constructed a safe viewing area where the visitors can watch the milking process. Currently, the farm targets schools and the local community with its new services. The farm has a capacity of 250 visitors per day. However, the owners of Holy Farm are yet to realize the expected returns on their new venture (opening the farm to the public). In general, the number of people visiting the farm has been fluctuating. The demand for visits to the farm is high from April to October, and remains very low in other months. Consequently, the farm is often closed from November to March. The number of visitors is also very low during the week days. As a result, the farm is usually opened from Friday to Monday. The number of visitors received on Sundays and Saturdays is usually double the number of visitors who tour the farm on Monday and Friday. In light of these fluctuations, the owners of the farm intend to increase the number of visitors by 50%. However, the farm faces financial constraints and, thus, cannot depend on capital investment to increase its capacity. Consequently, the owners intend to increase the number of visitors through sales promotions and advertisements. In this paper, the current capacity of Holy Farm will be analyzed. The optimal ways of achieving the targeted capacity will then be discussed.Advertising Looking for essay on b usiness economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Current Capacity The productive capacity of a firm is the total amount of output in terms of goods and services it can produce within a given time period (Nigel, Alistair and Robert, 2011, p. 299). Potential capacity is the maximum amount of output that can be produced by the firm’s installed equipment and human resources (Clark and Robert, 2008, p. 45). Actual capacity is the actual amount of goods and services produced by the firm within a certain period. Thus, capacity utilization â€Å"is the percentage of the firm’s total possible production capacity that is actually being used†. Holy Farm’s owners invested in a milking parlor in which 150 cows can be milked using a slow-moving turntable. They also constructed a gallery to enable visitors to watch the milking process. 80 people per hour visited the gallery from 4.30pm to 7.00pm. This means t hat the milking parlor was open for two and half hours per day. Thus, the capacity can be calculated by multiplying 80 (visitors per hour) by two and half hours. The result which is 200 is divided by 80% to get 250 as the capacity or the maximum number of visitors who can tour the farm in a day. Thus, the farm’s monthly capacity can be illustrated in the graph below. The figures for each month are obtained as follows. In April, the total number of visitors is 1,200. By dividing 1,200 by 4, we get the number of visitors per week to be 300. In order to get the number of visitors per day, we divide 300 by 6 and get 50. Thus, the number of visitors on Monday and Friday is 50, while the number of visitors on Sundays and Saturday is 100. This is because the number of visitors on Sundays and Saturdays is double the number on Mondays and Fridays. In May, the total number of visitors is 1,800. Dividing 1,800 by 4 we get the weekly number of visitors to be 450. The number of visitors per day is obtained by dividing 450 by 6 to get 75. Thus, the number of visitors on Monday and Friday is 75, while the number of visitors on Sunday and Saturday is 150.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Holy Farm Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the month of June, the total number of visitors is 2,800. The number of visitors per week is obtained by dividing 2,800 by 4 to get 700. The number of visitors per week is obtained by dividing 700 by 6 to get 116.6. Since we can not get a fraction of a visitor we round off 116.6 to get 117. Thus, the number of visitors on Monday and Friday is 117, while the number of visitors on Sunday and Saturday is 234. The total number of visitors in the month of July is 3,200. By dividing 3,200 by 4 we get the number of visitors per week to be 800. By dividing 800 by 6 we get the daily number of visitors to be 133.3. This can be rounded so that we get 134 visitors per day. T hus, the number of visitors on Monday and Friday is 134 and the number of visitors on Sunday and Saturday is 268. In August, the total number of visitors is 3,400. By dividing 3,400 by 4 we get the weekly number of visitors to be 850. The daily number of visitors is obtained by dividing 850 by 6 to get 141.6. By rounding off 141.6 we get 142. Therefore, 142 visitors are received on Monday and Friday and 284 visitors are received on Sunday and Saturday. In September, the total number of visitors is 1,800. The weekly number of visitors is obtained by dividing 1,800 by 4 to get 450. The number of visitors per day is obtained by dividing 450 by 6 to get 75. Hence, the number of visitors on Monday and Friday is 75. However, on Sunday and Saturday, the number of visitors rises to 150 since the number of visitors for Sunday and Saturday is double the number of visitors for Monday and Friday. Finally, 600 visitors were received in October. The weekly number of visitors is obtained by dividi ng 600 by 4 to get 150. The daily number of visitors is obtained by dividing 150 by 6 to get 25. Hence, 25 visitors are received on Monday and Friday, while 50 visitors are received on Sunday and Saturday. The rate of capacity utilization has a direct bearing on the firm’s revenue and costs. In particular, the capacity utilization rate determines the amount of fixed costs per unit of a product or service (Betts, Meadws and Walley, 2000, pp. 185-196). The fixed costs per unit reduce as the firm increases the rate at which it uses its capacity. Thus, Holy Farm is likely to have the lowest cost of hosting visitors in August when demand is very high. Since the fixed costs are low and the revenue is high due to the increase in the number of visitors, the firm is likely to make high profits. From November to March when demand is very low, the fixed costs per unit are likely to be very high. Thus, the Farm is likely to make low profits or even loses since the fixed costs remain cons tant while the revenue reduces as the number of visitors reduces. The result of the capacity assessment shows that the farm has not been able to receive 250 visitors per day. Consequently, the owners of the farm must use available resources to increase the number of visitors to 250 per day.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If the number of visitors is increased by 50%, the number of visitors touring the farm on monthly basis will increase as illustrated in graph 2 below. The number of people visiting the farm on a daily basis is calculated as follows. We multiply the daily number of visitors (current capacity) with 150 and then divide the result by 100. Thus, in April, 75 people will visit the farm on Monday and Friday. The number of visitors will increase to 150 on Sundays and Saturdays. Graph 2 In May, 112.5 visitors will be received on Friday and Monday while on Sunday and Saturday, the number of visitors will increase to 225. In the month of June, 175 people will visit the farm on Monday and Friday. However, on Sunday and Saturday, the number of visitors will increase to 350. In July, 200 people will visit the farm on Monday and Friday. On Sunday and Friday, the number of visitors will increase to 400. In August, the number of visitors received on Monday and Friday will be 212.5. However, on Sund ay and Saturday, the number of visitors will increase to 425. In September, the number of visitors will be 112.5 and 225 on Monday and Friday, as well as, Sunday and Saturday respectively. Finally, in October, the number of visitors will be 37.5 and 75 on Monday and Friday, as well as, Sunday and Friday respectively. The number of visitors can be increased through demand management since actual capacity is a direct function of the level of demand (Clark and Robert, 2008, p. 143). Demand Management Demand management involves influencing the level of demand for a given product or service in order to meet the sales target or the desired capacity utilization (Armistead and Clark, 1994, pp. 5-22). In the context of Holy Farm, demand management will involve increasing the demand for visits to the farm in order to meet the desired capacity utilization. Demand can be influenced through advertising and sales promotions (Croxton, Lambert and Rogers, 2002, pp. 51-66). Currently, the owners of Holy Farm intend to intensify their marketing initiatives. However, they face difficulties in identifying the customers to target with their advertising initiatives. The farm can focus on a specific market such as schools and reach them using the adverts and sales promotions. Capacity Management Capacity management involves planning for and controlling the existing capacity in order to achieve the desired level of operation (Coughlan and Coughlan, 2002, pp. 220-240). Planning and controlling capacity is the process through which effective capacity is set so that the firm’s operations can respond to changes in demand (Taylor, 2006, pp. 163-186). Planning, as well as, controlling capacity occurs both in the long-run and in the short-run (Diaz, Torre and Garcia, 2002, pp. 286-302). The full capacity utilization can be achieved in the following ways. First, the farm can be opened to the public for a longer period in order to increase revenue. For example, the farm can be opened f rom November to March instead of closing it during this period. Second, the farm owners should strengthen their relationships with schools. This can be achieved by organizing educational trips in the farm during the school days. The educational trips are likely to attract more customers since they are not only for entertainment, but also for learning among the school students. Additionally, the educational trips can help in increasing the midweek capacity utilization since the trips can always be organized on week days. Third, the firm can also increase sales to coach firms by organizing coach parties in the farm. Special events such as wedding parties can also be organized to attract more visitors. Fourth, the farm should be opened during special occasions and holidays. For example, the farm can be opened during Christmas and Easter holidays. Special events such as dance parties can also be offered during the holidays in order to attract more customers. Many people are likely to vi sit the farm during the holiday seasons since they have more time. Additionally, many people prefer to spend on leisure activities during the holidays (Taylor and Fearne, 2009, pp. 379-392). Finally, the farm can generate more revenue by opening a souvenirs shop and a restaurant. Since the farm has no resources for capital investment, the souvenirs shop and restaurant services can be outsourced. Queuing Queuing theory involves using quantitative techniques to analyze waiting lines and arrival at queues (Voss, Tsikriktsi and Frohlich, 2002, pp. 195-219). It enables mangers to analyze the efficiency of serving customers in a queue (Klassen and Rohleder, 2006, pp. 527-548). The rate of capacity utilization has a bearing on the waiting time or the time required to deliver services. In general, the waiting time increases as the rate of capacity utilization tends towards 100%. In the context of Holy Farm, queues are used to access services at the milking parlor. The milking parlor is ofte n opened at 4.30 pm. However, the visitors normally arrive at the gallery before 4.30 pm to watch the milking process. Consequently, queues usually build up at the gallery. The queues can be reduced or eliminated by opening the milking parlor earlier. The queues can also be reduced by reducing the waiting time. This can be achieved by reducing the time spend by each visitor to watch the milking process in the gallery. Conclusion Holy Farm was opened to the public after the revenue from milk and cereal production declined. The objective was to allow members of the public to tour the farm at a fee. This would enable the owners of the farm to generate more revenue. The farm has a capacity of 250 visitors per day. However, the farm has not been able to operate at the full capacity of 250 visits per day. Additionally, the farm is only opened to the public from April to October. Thus, the farm’s facilities are not used from September to March. In order to achieve the objective of g enerating more revenue, the owners of the farm intend to increase the number of visitors to the farm. This objective can be achieved by opening the farm for a longer period. For instance, the farm should be opened from September to March instead of closing it. Additionally, the farm should be opened during Christmas and Easter holidays. More revenue can be generated by opening a souvenirs shop and a restaurant. However, these services should be outsourced since the farm lacks resources for capital investment. References Armistead, C., and Clark, G., 1994. The Coping Capacity Management Strategy in Services and the Influence of Quality Performance. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 5(2), pp. 5-22. Betts, A., Meadws, M., and Walley, P., 2000. Call Centre Capacity Management. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11(2), pp. 185-196. Clark, G., and Robert, J., 2008. Service Operations Management. New York: Prentice Hall. Coughlan, P., and Coughlan, D. , 2002. Action Research for Operations Management. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 22(2), pp. 220-240. Croxton, K., Lambert, D., and Rogers, D., 2002. The Demand Management Process. International Journal of Logistics Management, 13(2), pp. 51-66. Diaz, A., Torre, P., and Garcia, V., 2002. A Capacity Management Model in Services Industry. International Journal of Services Industry Management, 13(2), pp. 286-302. Edgar, D., 1997. Capacity Management in the Short Break Market. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9(2), pp. 55-59. Greasley, A., 2007. Operations Management. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Klassen, K., and Rohleder, T., 2006. Demand and Capacity Management Decisions in Services: How they Impact on one another. International Journal of Operationas and Production Management, 22(5), pp. 527-548. Nigel, S., Alistair, B., and Robert, J., 2011. Essentials of Operations Management. New York: Prentice Hall. Pyscraft, M., 2000 . Operations Management. New York: Pearsons. Stevenson, W., 2009. Operations Managemnt. New York: Routledge. Taylor, D., 2006. Demand Management in Agri-Food Supply Chains. International Journal of Logistics Management, 17(2), pp. 163-186. Taylor, D., and Fearne, A., 2009. Demand Management in Fresh Food Value Chains:A Framework for Analysis and Improvement. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 14(5), pp. 379-392. Voss, C., Tsikriktsi, N., and Frohlich, M., 2002. Case Reserach in Operations Management. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 22(2), pp. 195-219.

Ronald Reagan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ronald Reagan - Research Paper Example In both this institutions, Reagan remained as a leader and a sportsman. After finishing college, he managed to get a position as a radio presenter. Later in 1937, he managed to get a place as an actor in Hollywood contributing to his successful ventures. 3 years later, he married Jane Wayman, and then divorced her 8 years down the line. In 1952, he married Nancy Davis (Cannon 13). Reagan managed to become president of a society that managed fought for the rights of actors. He went around United States during that time supporting liberalism. As years went by, he changed his views to conservatism. In 1966, he became elected governor of California, the again in 1970. In 1980, he got elected as the 40th president of United States as a Republican candidate. The book describes Reagan as the president associated with Reaganomics, a policy that helped improve the economic situation at the time. In March 30th 1981, Reagan became assassinated, though later recovered and returned to office. In 1984, Reagan became re-elected in office with a landslide victory. Reagan played a significant role in encouraging peace in the world. For example, he initiated a peace agreement with the soviet regarding intermediate range missiles. In regard to foreign policy, Reagan gets depicted as a man that despised terrorism and did all it took to stop it (Cannon 112). He also sent U.S troops to various countries that needed help, for instance Grenada and Lebanon. The book hence provides a detailed account of the life of Ronald Reagan. Joseph, Paul. Ronald Reagan. New York: Abdo, 1999. The author, Paul Joseph, in his book describes the history surrounding Ronald Reagan life starting from childhood, education, Hollywood career and political career. An account of the early life of Ronald Reagan gets narrated by Joseph from the day he became born in February 6th, 1911, his parents and his social life (Joseph 14). Furthermore, his academic life gets revealed by the author as Reagan passed from ju nior to high school to college. In these various academic institutions that Reagan went, an account of the subjects and overall achievement in extra curriculum activities also become given in this book (Joseph 34). The author continues to write about Reagan’s life when he became an actor in Hollywood in 1937 and describes to the readers regarding some of the movies Reagan featured. A detailed account of Reagan’s career as an actor gets described in the book. In addition, some of the jobs Reagan did become described in the book, for instance, television host, spokesman, radio presenter and many more. During his life as an actor, Reagan managed to get many people to support him in his career and therefore, got a background support when he shifted to politics (Joseph 49). Furthermore, the author talks about how Reagan got political interest and his bid for the governorship. A history regarding his life as a governor of California starting from 1966 becomes accounted in th is book. Paul continues by giving a history of Reagan’s life when elected president in 1980, his inauguration, and then the events that surrounded his assassination (Joseph 89). Finally, an account of the achievements and downfalls Reagan’s rule brought to the United States of America. Majorly, Reagan often becomes remembered due to his Reaganomics that helped curb inflation that existed at the time Reagan took power. Furthermore, Reagan played a key role in initiating peaceful talks with the

Analysis paper for History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Analysis paper for History - Essay Example The South had more agricultural products than the North with more farm land. The South had more financial success than the North. Although the taxes were less per person in the North due to the population the North brought in more tax revenues. Congressional representation was more in the North as well. The statistics above are due to the lifestyles of both regions. Southern life revolved around plantations. Slaves, land, and agricultural goods created more revenue for the South. In the South an education was not needed to be a farmer, plantation owner, and so forth. The women also did not work or read in the South as much in the North. In the North, men and women needed education or skills to work. More men labored in the North than in the South. Slaves did the labor in the South, whereas in the North men competed for the jobs. The lifestyles were extremely different. This is reflected in the census data. The major differences between slave states and free states are education, finance, and agriculture. The workers from up North were poorer, but better educated. The slave factor gave more wealth to the Southern states, but also crippled them in the education department. Not having slaves made the Northerners have a higher literacy

Argument research task Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Argument research task - Essay Example The writers tries to give reasons how racism have a negative effect to a society and an individual who is discriminated based on racism. The first premise can be supported by the fact that the jobless rate among the whites is 6.6% while that of blacks is 12.6%, according to a study conducted by Pew Research centre. The same research supports the second premise as it indicates that black people are denied basic right such as quality education, decent housing and police brutality. The fact that the writer wrote the article based on reason that racism is still a menace in this modern society, makes the reason valid and good. The first premise is aimed to portray how blacks suffers racism while the second premise can be supported by the reason that blacks are denied basic rights like right to access public transport. The article can be said to be a sound argument because the conclusion absolutely follows from true premises presented in the article; the premises state that racism is likely to be subjected to black people. The conclusion should be accepted because racism has a negative impact to the society. The write has also used hyperbole to show how racism is despicable such as â€Å"face of Europe’s horror at shameless racism.† Generally, the article can be said to be in the form of deductive argument since the conclusion follows from the premises. From the two premises there is one logical conclusion, which indicated that blacks are still prone to racism in this modern world. The modern world is characterized aspects such advance technology like trains and sporting activities like football which is supposed to unite people regardless of race. The writer’s point of view is that racism is reality in this modern world and should be stopped. Negative effects of racism are severe to a society, and to an individual, which can be illustrated by the manner in which the man was instilled fear. Logically, racism should

Impact of Temperature on Viscosity of Liquid

Impact of Temperature on Viscosity of Liquid INTRODUCTION    Hydrodynamics, as defined by the Merriam Webster Dictionary, is the branch of physics that deals with the motion of fluids, and the forces acting on solid bodies immersed in fluids and in motion relative to them (2017). The study of fluids originated in Ancient Greece, was coupled with the works of Persian philosophers in Medieval times, and eventually, with many contributions made by scientists such as Archimedes, Leonardo Da Vinci and Isaac Newton, was developed into the branch of fluid dynamics that exists today (WiseGeek, 2017). Any substance can be classed as a fluidif it changes shape uniformly in response to external forces. Many characteristics of such a substance include; pressure, temperature, mass, density and viscosity (Washington.edu, 2017). The term viscosity is defined as a fluids resistance to flow in relation to its inner molecular structure, and is largely affected by temperature (Viscopedia, 2017). As the temperature of a fluid increases, so does the thermal/kinetic energy of its liquid molecules, which results in increased amounts of movement as the particles begin to move faster. Due to this increased amount of movement, the attractive binding energy of the fluid is reduced, consequently decreasing the fluids resistance to flow (Azom, 2013). This principle is demonstrated in the following theoretical figures, which depict the relationship between the temperatures and viscosities of various fluids:          From using the known viscosities of fluids at various temperatures, and developing functions that model these relationships in programs such as Microsoft Excel or on a graphics calculator, the approximate viscosity of a liquid at any temperature can be found by substituting values for temperature into the relevant formula. An example of this process is seen below: As seen in Figure 1, the equation that models the relationship between temperature and viscosity of water is y = 1.5396e-0.018x. If the temperature of the water was 4à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Cà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. y = 1.5396e-0.018x y = 1.5396e-0.018 x 4 y = 1.433 mPas Therefore, the viscosity of the water at 4à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C is 1.433 mPas. Viscosity is also what causes an object to slow as it travels through a fluid, and is one component in the phenomenon of drag force, the retarding force that acts opposite to the direction of motion of a body or object. The drag force of any object is dependent on the viscosity of the fluid it travels through, velocity of the object, reference area of the object, and the drag coefficient. The following formula can be used to calculate the total drag force acting upon an object (Wikipedia, 2017): Where: = Drag force (N), = Mass density of fluid (mPas), = Flow speed of object relative to fluid (ms-1), = Drag coefficient (no units), A = Reference area (m2) A worked example of this calculation with assumed and exact values is modelled below: Assume that for a flat surfaced mass travelling through water at 4à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Cà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. mPas = 0.3ms-1 0.82 A = 2.5 x 10-4 The values are then substituted into the drag force formulaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Therefore the drag force of the mass travelling through water at 4à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C is approximately 4.6125 x 10-5N. One component of this force, as represented by in the drag force equation, is a drag coefficient (The Free Dictionary, 2017). As stated in The Physics of Sailing by Ryan M. Wilson (2010), intuitively, the drag should depend linearly on the density of the fluid in which the body is immersed (because force depends linearly on mass) and linearly on the area of the body that is exposed to the flow because the volume of fluid that must be displaced as the body moves through it is proportional to this area. A range of calculated drag coefficients for various shapes can be seen in Figure 3. It can therefore be concluded that the lower the drag coefficient of an object, the lower the amount of drag force that occurs as it travels through a fluid (Brock University, 2017). As seen in Figure 2, the drag coefficient of an object is reliant on its shape. It can be concluded that a mass with a flat reference area will travel almost two times slower than that with a spherical reference area. A conical reference area will cause an object to fall slightly slower than a spherical mass, but faster than one with a flat reference area. Theoretically, as deducted from Figure 2, it is concluded that a mass with a spherical reference area will travel faster than one with either a conical and flat surfaced reference area, the latter of these theoretically having the slowest time of fall through a liquid out of the three. Although many different fields of study incorporate knowledge of drag forces and viscosity, arguably one of the most important applications is found within the engineering of ships and the design of the hulls, specifically in relation to sailing competitions such as the Americas Cup. As one of the largest sailing races in the world, this competition has strict guidelines for ship design, consequently meaning that vessel engineers must find the best combinations (of measurements) to create the fastest ship possible (Krepal, 2014). When building, engineers must be familiar with the environmental sailing conditions of the race in order to build the most suitable hull with the least amount of drag this is determined in regards to the temperature of the sea and its viscosity. As calculating viscosity is a complex procedure, ship engineers often refer to data such as seen in Figure 2 to determine aspects of ship design. In regards to the speed of the ship, it can be concluded from previous knowledge on drag force that the lower the drag coefficient of a vessel, the easier it is for it to break through the water, overcoming shear force and resulting in a faster travelling time (Krepal, 2014). When unknown, the drag force formula can be rearranged to find the drag coefficient; however, often these values are computed from graphical designs of the ship as the phenomenon of drag force is dependent on many variables. Testing on model ships is also performed to determine how vessels will travel under different conditions (Mecaflux, 2013). HYPOTHESIS Based on the previous research, the hypothesis for this experiment is that: If a body is falling in a liquid, then i) the lower the viscosity of the liquid, which decreases as temperature increases, the faster will be the rate of fall of the object, and ii) the lower the drag coefficient of the body, the smaller its drag force will be, as the velocity of an object as it travels through a fluid is inversely proportional to the amount of resistance it encounters. METHOD The supplies needed 1L glass measuring cylinder, 2L water, 2kg honey, 2L canola oil, 3 x 53g cylindrical masses with different reference areas of the same 0.9cm radius (flat, spherical, streamlined/conical), a Thermomix, thermometer, a logbook and pencil, and a video recording device. All measurements and data were to be collected and stored in a logbook and on the video recording device. A risk assessment form was completed before the commencement of the experiment, in order to recognise any potential hazards regarding the equipment that was to be used. It was identified that any device used to heat up the liquids, and the hot liquids themselves, had potential to burn the person completing the experiment, and it was possible for the glass cylinder to topple over and shatter as it was filled with each liquid. Covered shoes were worn during the experimental procedures to protect the feet from any falling objects and glass, and care was taken when using heating devices and handling ho t liquids. As the hypothesis was written in two parts, there were two variables that remained constant depending on the experimental procedure (independent variables) the first was the temperature/viscosity of each liquid, and the second was the reference area of the masses travelling through each. The dependent variable in both was the velocity of the object. The equipment was set up for the experiment as depicted in Figure 6. 1L of each liquid was placed in the fridge and cooled to 5à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C. 1L of the first liquid, water, was heated in the Thermomix to 37à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C and then poured into the glass cylinder. The flat ended mass was dropped from the 1L mark, and its fall was timed and recorded on the video recording device. The object was then extracted from the bottom of the cylinder, and this process was repeated two more times. The flat ended mass was then removed, and the same procedure was performed again for both the spherical and conical shaped masses. After these tests were completed, the water was poured back into the Thermomix and was heated to 50à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C. Once at temperature, the water was again poured into the cylinder, and the previously stated processes were repeated for each mass. After these tests were completed, the water was poured into the Thermomix. The chilled water from the fridge was then take n out, checked with a thermometer to be at 4à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C, and poured into the cylinder for testing. The previously stated processes for each mass were repeated. After all of the masses had been dropped into the water at all three temperatures, the water was disposed of, and the experimental space cleaned up to prepare for the next round of testing. All results were recorded into various tables in the logbook, and later graphed for analysis. The second liquid, canola oil, was heated in the Thermomix to 35à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C and then poured into the glass cylinder. The previously stated procedures were repeated. All results were recorded into a table, and later graphed for analysis. The third liquid, honey, was heated in the Thermomix to 35à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C and then poured into the glass cylinder. The previously stated procedure was repeated. All results were recorded into a table, and later graphed for analysis. In this experiment, it is noted that apart from that which were independent and dependant, all other variables were controlled, consequently meaning that every aspect of the testing remained consistent. These controlled variables included the positioning of the glass cylinder and video recording device, the dropping point of the masses, the weight of the small masses used, the radius of the masses, the distance each mass fell, the type of oil and honey used, etc. By controlling all other variables, the results recorded from the testing become more accurate. RESULTS (HYPOTHESIS PART 1) CALCULATED VALUES FOR VISCOSITY By using the formulas generated from the Excel graphs in Figure 1, which model the relationships between the viscosity and temperature of each liquid, and substituting in the experimental temperatures for x (4, 37 and 50), the empirical viscosities of each fluid at different temperatures were calculated. The tables and graphs of these results follow, with all calculations performed recorded in the logbooks. WATER Temperature (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Viscosity (mPas) 4 1.433 37 0.791 50 0.626 y = 1.5396e-0.018x CANOLA OIL y = 186.16e-0.049x Temperature (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Viscosity (mPas) 4 153.026 37 30.375 50 16.064 HONEY y = 138468e-0.117x Temperature (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Viscosity (mPas) 4 86716.073 37 1825.108 50 398.774 Water Flat Surfaced Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time of Fall (s) 4 0.41 0.62 0.81 0.61 37 0.62 0.50 0.50 0.54 50 0.66 0.60 0.69 0.65 Spherical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time of Fall (s) 4 0.91 0.68 0.37 0.65 37 0.53 0.59 0.55 0.56 50 0.43 0.62 0.60 0.55 Conical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time of Fall (s) 4 0.40 0.57 0.54 0.50 37 0.78 0.50 0.62 0.63 50 0.59 0.50 0.43 0.51 Canola Oil Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time of Fall (s) 4 0.60 0.55 0.65 0.60 37 0.62 0.69 0.58 0.63 50 0.49 0.52 0.46 0.49 Flat Surfaced Mass Spherical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Rate of Fall (s) 4 0.63 0.59 0.69 0.636667 37 0.56 0.56 0.53 0.55 50 0.45 0.46 0.42 0.443333 Conical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Rate of Fall (s) 4 0.67 0.53 0.43 0.543333 37 0.46 0.49 0.38 0.443333 50 0.36 0.45 0.39 0.4 Honey Flat Surfaced Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Rate of Fall (s) 4 2040 2257.2 2008.2 2101.8 37 498.6 489 508.2 498.6 50 84 91.2 95.4 90.2 Spherical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Rate of Fall (s) 4 1428 1537.2 1362.6 1442.6 37 362.4 370.2 389.4 374 50 72 70.8 73.8 72.2 Conical Mass Temperature of Fluid (à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢C) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Rate of Fall (s) 4 1188 1135.2 1305 1209.4 37 307.2 305.4 320.4 311 50 66.6 65.4 67.2 66.4 HYPOTHESIS PART 2 CALCULATED DRAG FORCES Worked Example: Flat surfaced mass travelling through water at 4 °C mPas = 0.2916 ms-1 0.82 A = 2.545 x 10-4 The values are then substituted into the drag force formulaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ WATER: TEMPERATURE ( °C) DRAG FORCE (Nx10-5) Flat 4 4.3600 37 3.0830 50 1.6840 Spherical 4 3.9480 37 2.9358 50 2.4084 Conical 4 132.3700 37 46.0270 50 55.5820 CANOLA OIL: TEMPERATURE ( °C) DRAG FORCE (Nx10-5) Flat 4 483.020 37 86.971 50 76.033 Spherical 4 434.850 37 116.860 50 96.567 Conical 4 12120.000 37 3620.000 50 2320.000 HONEY: TEMPERATURE ( °C) DRAG FORCE (Nx10-5) Flat 4 0.0223060 37 0.0083423 50 0.0556950 Spherical 4 0.0485340 37 0.0151850

Summary of the Film Hero :: essays research papers

The Film, Hero In the Oxford Dictionary, Favorite is described as something or someone that you like, In this matter that something is the film called â€Å"Hero.† Roughly based on an assassination attempt of China’s first emperor Chin Shi Huang Di, the motion picture â€Å"Hero† discusses the life of a ancient warrior. The story describes the journey of a sword master who was determined to slay the king of the province Qin, the future emperor of united China. With the help of three assassins who’s goal in life was the death of the Qin King, the nameless warrior gets a chance to crush the future emperor China. This film consists of many twists and turns making it very exiting and unpredictable. This movie was a combination of calm and spectacular battle scenes which gives you the need to be one of the characters from the flick. The amazing actions scenes just leap out of the screen and the film is still able to touch your heart. In every second of this film, you can feel it’s powerful emotions, which gets you so caught up in the world of the movie, you hate to the return to present day world. This film dazzles it’s viewers by its vivid colours and the whole movie is a painting in motion. My favorite scene of â€Å"Hero† was the amazing but aggressive action scenes and also the deep drama it created. The plot of the movie was incredible. Though â€Å"Hero† was a spectacular film there were some things that I did not enjoy like, the film was much too serious and I did not like the factor that most of the movie was in flash backs. From intense action scenes to emotional drama, I think this film can

Historic overview

The story of the Ritz-Carlton begins with Swiss hotelier Cesar Ritz who was well known in the hotel industry as the â€Å"king of hoteliers and hotelier to kings. † Mr. Ritz redefined luxury accommodation in Europe with his management of The Ritz in Paris and The Carlton in London. Although he died in 1918, his wife Marie continued the tradition of opening hotels in his name. The Ritz-Carlton Investing Company was established by Albert Keller, who bought and franchised the name in the United States. The original Ritz-Carlton hotel was built in Boston, Massachusetts, and opened on May 19, 1927 with a room rate of $15 per night.It became known as the hotel to kings, queens, movie stars, and tycoons: Prince Charles, Irving Berlin, Bette Davis, and Howard Hughes were just a few of its notable guests. Additional locations soon opened in New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Atlantic City and Boca Raton, but all these locations did not survive the Great Depression and by 1940 only The Ritz-Carlton Boston remained. The Wyner Years: 1927-1964 On October 1926, 29-year-old Edward N. Wyner bought a third-acre parcel at the corner of Arlington and Newbury streets and formed a partnership called The Ritz-Arlington Trust with his father, George, and business associate, John S.Slater. The trust sold $2. 1 million of bonds to finance the construction of a hotel to be called the Mayflower. The 18-story, 201-foot brick building, designed by Strickland, Blodget & Law Architects, was far taller than anything else along Newbury Street at the time. Construction had started on the second floor when Wyner was persuaded by then-Mayor James Michael Curly to make the Mayflower a world-class, 300-room Ritz-Carlton Hotel, which opened May 19, 1927. Room rates were $5 to $15 per night; $40 per night for suites. After a hugely successful opening, the stock market crash of 1929 and ensuing Depression brought financial difficulties.The Wyner family funded the hotel’s operating loss es during the early 1930s, although the interest on the bonds went unpaid. Still in 1933, when only 30 guests were registered in the hotel, Wyner turned on the lights in every guest room to give the appearance the hotel was full. Wyner died of a heart attack on Dec. 5, 1961. His six sons tried to continue operation of the hotel, but it was too difficult, and a decision was made to sell. The Blakeley Years: 1964-1983 The unpaid interest on the bonds dissuaded many from trying to buy the hotel.But Cabot, Cabot & Forbes principal Gerald F. Blakeley Jr. was interested. After more than a year of legal work, Hale and Dorr succeeded at clearing the bond obligations, and in October 1964 Blakeley and associates Paul Hellmuth and Charles Spaulding acquired the Ritz-Carlton Boston for $3. 8 million. â€Å"Out of the 20 years I owned it, it made money three years. The other years it broke even, but from a public relations standpoint for CC&F, it was a tremendous asset,† said Blakeley, wh o completed a 19-story Ritz-Carlton luxury condominium complex on land adjacent to the hotel in 1981.In the late 1960s Blakeley obtained the rights to the Ritz-Carlton name in North America (with the exception of Montreal and New York). In June 1978, Blakeley was awarded the rights and privileges of the Ritz-Carlton trademark in the United States and was given a US Service Mark Registration. In August 1983, Johnson Properties bought the Ritz Boston and US trademark for $75. 5 million and established the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. In 1988, Johnson subsequently obtained the exclusive rights to the Ritz name throughout the world (except for the 210-room Hotel-Ritz Paris and the Ritz-Carlton in Montreal).The Corporate Years: 1983-1999 Johnson grew the company from the One Ritz-Carlton Boston to 30 hotels worldwide in just 10 years. He obtained financing to do so from Manufacturers Hanover Trust of New York in 1983 in the amount of $85 million secured by the Ritz-Carlton Boston. This loan wa s refinanced in 1989 by Manhattan Tops USA of New York for $136. 5 million and again in 1994 by Sumitomo Bank of Japan. By 1996, this mortgage was in default and the interest and penalties brought the total debt to $214. 8 million.By splitting this mortgage note into three parts, Sumitomo Bank was able to unbundle the Ritz Boston from the trademark rights to the Ritz brand worldwide. Blackstone Real Estate Acquisitions of New York bought the Ritz-Carlton Boston at auction for $75 million in February 1998. A month later, Host Marriott Corp. of Bethesda, Maryland, acquired the hotel from Blackstone for $100 million. Marriott International Inc. , which franchises and manages Marriott’s 325,000 rooms, bought the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. and rights to the Ritz-Carlton name worldwide from W. B. Johnson for $290 million in a two-part transaction completed in 1998.Millenium Purchase In 1998, Christopher Jeffries, founding partner of Millennium Partners, obtained Ritz franchises from Ma rriott for four hotel properties under construction: two in Washington, one in New York City, and one in Atlanta, Georgia. In addition, Jeffries was searching for a brand affiliation for the new 155-room hotel and 270-luxury condominiums he was constructing as part of Boston’s 1. 8 million-square-foot Millennium Place, a mixed-use complex on lower Washington Street. Because of noncompetition clauses, the only way he could obtain a second Ritz flag in Boston was to own the existing Ritz.Millennium Partners acquired the original Ritz-Carlton Boston for $122 million (though it had sold for just $75 million less than two years prior) and spent $50 million for renovations. Marriott agreed to allow the Ritz affiliation for the condominium complex, which will be known as The Residences at the Ritz-Carlton, and share all of the services of the hotel. In 1999, when Millennium Partners of New York, the new owners of the original Ritz-Carlton Boston, announced that the company was build ing a second Ritz-Carlton in Boston (the now-completed 193-room Ritz-Carlton, Boston Commons), there was much local disapproval.A member of the old guard summed up: â€Å"The movement of a name from one place to another doesn’t do it. There would never be that special atmosphere; a grace, decency, and ambiance that once existed. † Millennium Partners admitted they had no intentions of trying to duplicate the Ritz. Taj Purchase In October 2002, The Ritz-Carlton Boston celebrated its 75th Anniversary with a major restoration to bring the facility 21st century amenities while maintaining its 20th century decor. The Ritz-Carlton Boston has been in continuous operation since it opened in 1927.The property is a Boston landmark and anchors fashionable Newbury Street and the picturesque Boston Public Garden located in the heart of the Back Bay. In November 2006, The Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, subsidiary of the India-based Tata Group, entered into a definitive agreement to purchase The Ritz-Carlton Boston from its current owners, Millennium Partners. The $170 million transaction is scheduled to close on January 11, 2007. Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces operates 75 hotels across the world.The Ritz-Carlton Boston will be renamed the Taj Boston upon closing the purchase. The existing Ritz-Carlton Boston Common is expected to be renamed Ritz-Carlton Boston. 2000 and beyond From 2001 to 2007 Boston was home to two Ritz-Carlton hotels that faced each other on Boston Common. The Ritz-Carlton Boston Common Hotel opened in 2001. In November 2006 The Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, India luxury hotel group entered into an agreement to purchase the original 1927 Ritz-Carlton Boston from its current owners, Millennium Partners, for $170 Million.The Ritz-Carlton name was not sold to Taj Hotels. The Ritz-Carlton Boston was renamed Taj Boston on Jan. 11, 2007. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC has announced its first hotel in India. The property is slated to open in Bangalore in 2007. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company In 1983, the original hotel and the brand were sold to The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, L. L. C. , based in Atlanta, Georgia which began expansion of the brand to other locations. The company grew to become the hospitality leader in the US under the leadership of Horst Schulze.His strong conviction of customer loyalty and emphasis on a value/mission driven philosophy for the â€Å"Ladies and Gentleman serving Ladies and Gentleman† became a benchmark in the industry that other companies aspired yet never reached. In 1995, Marriott International purchased a 49% stake in The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and in 1998 purchased an additional 50% stake in the company giving it 99% ownership of the company. The company is now headquartered in Chevy Chase, Maryland, located in the Washington, D. C. MSA.The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company partnered with Bulgari in 2001 to operate a chain of hotels owned by and operated under the Bulgari bran d. Simon Cooper joined Ritz-Carlton in 2001 as President and Chief Operating Officer taking the helm from Horst Schulze. Cooper's mandate was to grow the chain through hotel expansion and product diversification. Under Cooper's watch the company has aggressively expanded its hotels and has added The Residences at The Ritz-Carlton (private residential units) as well as The Ritz-Carlton Club (fractional ownership residences) to the company's new development program.

Megaraptor - Facts and Figures

Megaraptor - Facts and Figures Name: Megaraptor (Greek for giant thief); pronounced MEG-ah-rap-tore Habitat: Plains and woodlands of South America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (90-85 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 25 feet long and 1-2 tons Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; bipedal posture; long, single claws on front hands About Megaraptor Like another impressively named beast, Gigantoraptor, Megaraptor has been a bit oversold, in that this large, carnivorous dinosaur wasnt technically a true raptor. When the scattered fossils of Megaraptor were discovered in Argentina in the late 1990s, paleontologists were impressed by a single, foot-long claw, which they assumed was located on this dinosaurs hind feethence its classification as a raptor (and one that would have been even bigger than the biggest raptor yet identified, Utahraptor). On closer analysis, though, it turned out that Megaraptor was actually a large theropod closely related to Allosaurus and Neovenator, and that those single, oversized claws were located on its hands rather than its feet. Sealing the deal, Megaraptor has proved to be similar in appearance to another large theropod from Australia, Australovenator, a hint that Australia may have been connected to South America later into the Cretaceous period than was previously thought. Its place in the dinosaur bestiary aside, what was Megaraptor actually like? Well, it wouldnt be surprising if this South American dinosaur was covered with feathers (at least during some stage of its life cycle), and it almost certainly subsisted on the small, skittery ornithopods of its late Cretaceous ecosystem, or perhaps even on newborn titanosaurs. Megaraptor may also have encountered, or even preyed on, one of the few true raptors of South America, the appropriately named Austroraptor (which only weighed about 500 pounds, or a quarter of Megaraptors size).

Politically incorrect essays

Politically incorrect essays Report: Politically correct is such an innocent term. How can anyone be against something so friendly, something that is supposed to encourage harmony and peace between all people? My answer is Ha! Although I do agree that kindness, respect, and courtesy in our everyday life are to be promoted, it seems to me that they lose much of their meaning if they are oppressively forced upon us by political correctness. That is why there are no examples in modern times that are quite so hopeless to me as political correctness. We are becoming increasingly censored in what we can say, write, or do because of this thing we call political correctness. Racial and minority groups are slowly but surely dictating what the rest of us can say, how we can say it, and where we can say it. Some changes brought by political correctness seem long overdue, such as eliminating the widespread use of offensive racial slurs. Other proposed modifications, such as calling a female hero a "she-ro", instead of a heroine, or labeling the white race a "mutant albino genetirecessive global minority" are sillier sounding than politically sensitive. According to the B.C. comic strip, "person-person" is the politically correct term for "mailman." Political correctness hasn't gotten out of hand just here in the United States, either. Two comedians from Vancouver, British Columbia, open their act by asking the audience to stand and sing the Canadian national anthem. They lead the group in singing the first two words -"O Canada"- then stop and motion for everyone to stop singing and sit down. The two then explain that "O Canada" is the only phrase in the song that will not offend anyone: * "Our home and native land" is offensive to immigrants. * "True patriot love" irritates those liberals who see patriotism as fascism. * "In all thy sons command" angers women. * "From far and wide" offends people of large size. ...

Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Proposal Example Cultural diversity is a serious problem in the learning process. The most common problem arises from the behavior of the learner in the class. For instance, students from different cultural backgrounds have unique behavioral patterns (Gay, 2010). Students have diverse learning styles. Learners who are forced to use specific learning styles that they are not acquainted with might develop some level of dissatisfaction. Teaching a frustrated student has proved to be quite cumbersome (Gay, 2002). Academic performance is varied among students. An open comparison between academically weak students and those who are bright may also lead to a sense of being dejected (Gay, 2002). The bright students may develop superiority complex and consequently affect the attentiveness of others in class if the teacher does not take care to make sure that there is a balanced approach in the classroom. As such, there have been proposals to come up with various models that teachers may use as a guide to cult ural approach in lessons. Amongst the proposals is that teaching and learning institutions should consider adopting principles of professional learning to prepare culturally responsible teachers. For example, there have been calls for professional learning to be one that is concerned with improving learning within a diverse, multicultural community. Such proposals also add, amongst other things, that the outcomes and content ought to take into consideration the concept of diversity. Statement of General Aims and Objectives The aim of the proposed study is to find out how cultural diversity affects learning outcomes. It is also the aim of this study to find out whether a teacher who has been trained on how to incorporate cultural diversity in the lessons is likely to register improved learning outcomes. To do so, the study will majorly be based on analyzing various professional opinions and other scholarly research on the same topic. Most importantly, the study will focus on the exte nt teacher-learner cultural differences may affect learning outcomes of learners at different levels of education. The information obtained and the findings will be used to assess how learners’ learning outcomes may be improved through a culturally sensitive approach that takes care of everyone’s interest on board. Specifically, the following research questions will be addressed: 1. Does cultural responsive pedagogy lead to student achievement? The research question will support the problem solving aim of the study in the following ways. First, the research question will prompt the assessment of learning methodologies in relation to the philosophy of education. The philosophy of education will then be analyzed through the prism of modern world where diversity has become quite unalienable from many social quarters. The study will them seek to answer the research question a series of analyses that assess learners actual outcomes and perceptions about cultural element in the learning environment. Literature Review Cultural issues in education have become quite common in the current world where technological and scientific advances have made the world a global village. A research done by Kana‘iaupuni et al. (2010) sought to find out culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes among Native Hawaiian students. The study was conducted in the state’

AT&T and T-Mobile's failed merger Research Paper

AT&T and T-Mobile's failed merger - Research Paper Example Both the corporation, AT&T and T-mobile were of the opinion that the merger lacked the intensity to affect the interests of the consumers in the wireless market. In other words, the wireless market will remain indifferent in spite of the merger. The deal amounted to 39 billion dollars. As the result of the deal, AT&T emerged as the largest mobile phone service provider in the country. Research question Whether the deal would have been fruitful from the consumers’ point of view? Literature Review and Analysis The resulted deal would offer AT&T to enjoy 43% of the market share. The market power would have widened the difference among the competitors in the market further. Researchers were of the opinion that the resulting merger would contribute to enhance the market power. The market structure is highly concentrated with lots of competitors and follows the guidelines of the horizontal merger. The arguments as well as the evidence provided by AT&T in the application were found t o be insufficient to ignore the presumption of increase in market power. According to the guidelines, the concentration of the market and the share of the market are measured on the basis of revenues. The products can be differentiated in the market and therefore revenues will act as the relevant parameter for measurement. If the revenues are fully attributable to the facilities based carriers, The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index would result to 3356 for the wireless market while the increase in index would be 741. On the other hand if the subscribers of the resellers are fully attributed to the resellers, then the index on the basis of revenue would be 3279 and the increase in the index would be 727. Therefore both the approaches show the market power is getting enhanced as a result of the merger. T-mobile continued to remain a strong player in the market. The other players lacked the competency to deal with the slack resulting from the elimination of T-mobile from the market. The effec ts of anti-competition could not be rubbed off completely as the resulting inefficiencies were not up to the mark (Goldfarb, 2011). The competitive disadvantages of the competitors rose. The effect was felt on quality and costs. The costs took the steep rising curve with poor standards of quality. The power of the competitors was limited and the roaming services felt the heat. AT&T and T-mobile offered the same quality of product under different conditions and at different prices. The authorities have to evaluate the national market and the local market separately as the price ranges kept on changing. The competitive effects on both markets were evaluated. A concern at the national level may not be a concern at the local markets and vice versa. The effects of the merger on the consumers would have been two folds. The subscribers of T-mobile will be left with no other option but to avail the highly priced smart phones and data services from AT&T instead of the affordable data plans o f T-mobile. The objective of AT&T in the merger was to enhance the consumer base (Besen, Kletter, Moresi, Salop and Woodbury, 2012). If the consumers of T-mobile come under the umbrella of AT&T significant amount of revenues will be generated and AT&T can gain the same level of profits. The customers will have to feel the pinch on the pockets by paying higher charges and also compromise of the quality of service. If T-mobile can be rubbed off from the market scenario, AT&T

Cultural studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Cultural studies - Essay Example This ‘selective selfishness’, as the author calls it, is the essence of all great things that have happened in the world. The author also talks in detail about what he calls as historical men, men who take history as the basis of their future actions (p 65). The author debates that history should not be treated as a pure science and that it is neither a source for pure knowledge. Hence, he concedes to the theory that it can merely be used as a reference to take life forward. While total lack of history and too much of history are both derogatory, it is essential that human beings take the middle path and recognize its relevance in human life. According to the author, man should be able to selectively switch off and on his awareness and reverence for the past and must not fall a prey to delusions provided by historical anecdotes. In "On the Uses and Disadvantage of History for Life", Friedrich Nietzsche, analyses the importance of history in the guiding the modern generations. He lays out a path, a dogma, that is to be followed by all those who are desirous of attaining enlightenment in their lives. For example, he says that history that speaks of the past and provides nothing new, does not invigorate the mind (p 113). On the contrary, history shows its heroes and heroines as those who questioned a dogma is to be followed, if we are to make any sense of history and the future. Hence, Friedrich Nietzsche tells us that we need to be path finders in a world that is dominated by historical data that could be biased and one-sided and does not take into consideration information that has many perspectives to it. History, further can be conceived as a biased fabrication of an individual or a group of persons for furthering some rested interests. We have seen instances where historical information which ere believed to have been facts, had been challenged later on. Nietzsche, in particular,

Prader-Willi Case Essay Example for Free

Prader-Willi Case Essay This essay will discuss the role of the nurse in the context of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) which is caused by a genetic disease by a deletion in chromosome 15. This can lead to insatiable hunger, excessive eating and result in obesity. This syndrome requires management from the multidisciplinary team which includes dieticians, doctors, mental health team, nurses, occupational therapist, physiotherapists and social services. This is where the role of the nurse and nursing staff can stand out as they are actively involved in patient care providing support to the patient and their family, as well as playing a role in preventing disease progression. â€Å"Make the care of people your first concern, treating them as individuals and respecting their dignity† (NMC, 2010). This is of utmost importance in the management of PWS, and how the individual can be educated by managing the syndrome. This essay will relate across the lifespan; childhood, adolescence and adulthood. This will be discussed in the following paragraphs. PWS is an uncommon genetic disorder that is present at birth in either male or female. It is the most common genetic cause of morbid obesity and can vary at different weights. Although the cause is complex, it results from a deletion or unexpression of genes from the paternal chromosome 15. This condition affects approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 25,000 new-borns (Killeen, 2004). Individuals with this condition have serious problems controlling their weight as they have a very strong food compulsion before the age of six. The condition is diagnosed through genetic testing. It is specifically DNA-based methylation testing to distinguish the absence of the paternal chromosome; chromosome 15.This test is recommended for new borns with pronounced hypotonia (praderwillisyndrome, 2010). An early diagnosis allows for early intervention as well as early provision of growth hormone (GH) treatment. GH gives an increased muscle mass and supports linear growth. GH treatment also advantageous because it decreases food preoccupation and weight gain. During pregnancy, there can be a few abnormal signs which can indicate, but are not limited to PWS. In utero, there can be excessive amniotic fluid; a condition known as polyhydraminos. There can also be reduced fetal movements and the fetal position within the uterus may be suboptimal i.e. breech presentation. Once the baby is born, other signs such as feeding difficulties- due to poor muscular tone affecting the sucking reflex and generalised hypotonia-poor muscular tone (FPWR, 2011).The baby may feel floppy when held as their joints may be loosely extended instead of being firmly in position. An early diagnosis of these can point to an early diagnosis of PWS, hence lead to early management. The clinical presentation of PWS is not limited to physical signs and symptoms but includes linear growth and development, which can cause mental and behavioural problems. These can be presented early in childhood. Physical features can include short stature, small hands and feet, low birth weight, and classic facial features including narrow forehead, almond-shaped eyes and â€Å"down-turned† mouth (Holm et al, 1993). Behavioural symptoms can include obsessive behaviours, unpredictable temper tantrums, skin picking, stubbornness and resistance to change. Individuals with this condition are not mentally stable as they have an increased risk and suffer from depression and psychosis. They also suffer from hallucinations, loss of interests, changes in mood and poor concentration levels. As mentioned earlier, Hypotonia is poor muscle tone. Hypotonia improves with age, however if it persists by the age of two to three, it is very likely that the child may not have started walking. Walking is a crucial milestone that should be reached within the first two years of life (NLM 2010).This is because their weight gain has made it difficult to move around and their condition is already exacerbated by the hypotonia. They can be referred to physiotherapy to try and improve the muscle tone. They also have a failure to thrive and their rate of physical growth is less than their peers’. With failure to thrive, these infants may not respond to simulation as they tire easily. Infants with this condition gain weight more slowly and start to put on more weight by the age of 2-3. A child with PWS may start speaking later than other children as their verbal skills are delayed. Speech and language therapy is advisable at this point as the child will benefit with input from a ther apist. Most common speech concerns include problems with voice quality, articulation, usage as well as resonance patterns (Munson-Davis, 1988). The child constantly craves for food and eats more than they should. They constantly gain weight and may eat things most people wouldn’t deem edible; such as expired or frozen food. There is a serious compulsion towards food, and a lack of awareness of hunger satiation. In childhood, they have a tendency to be stubborn, argumentative and possessive (Nordqvist, 2010). Some infants can develop obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) along with repetitive behaviours. They can throw tantrums as they can only consume a certain amount of food per day so they do not gain weight (as per their dietary management plan). During adolescence, height becomes more noticeable as the individual is much shorter than others. The height of a female with PWS on average is 4 feet 10 inches while that a male with PWS is 5 feet 2 inches (nhs.uk, 2011). The individual would still suffer from hypotonia up until adulthood and would be extremely flexible due to poor muscle tone. Once the individual has reached adulthood, they cannot reproduce as they are infertile due to delayed puberty in both male and female from a young age. The reproductive system would not have produced enough sex hormones, which results in undeveloped sex organs. Hypogonadism is a medical term for the reduction or absence of hormone secretion or other physiological activity of the gonards. Individuals with PWS have some degree of a learning disability. Learning disability nursing practice reflected current philosophies of supporting people with learning disabilities (Clifton et al. 1992). The presence of PWS in a family can create substantial stress. Families would have had to adapt to changes within the household to be able to manage the individual with the syndrome. Parents are often exhausted from the demands of their time and energy for diet control, specialized programmes, therapy appointments and behavioural supervision. Siblings are also affected as they often feel neglected as the PWS sibling receives more attention and appears to be more loved. (Tomase-ski-Heinemann 1998) It is a nurse’s responsibility to help support and manage a patient with the condition along with supporting the individual and their family. The uncontrollable appetite leads to obesity. Obesity is a global epidemic, and is also known to be a significant risk factor for other health related problems which include heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, hypoventilation and right sided heart failure (WHO, 1948). Some people with PWS also develop type 2 diabetes mellitus which is the most common form of diabetes, where the body either does not produce enough insulin or the insulin is not working properly; insulin resistance. In addition, part of the due diligence of nurses is that in providing care for a patient with PWS that they holistically look after the patient starting from the first interaction. For example, in PWS this involves first building a rapport with the patient explaining their diagnosis and describing the nurses’ role in the management (monitoring weight, supporting diet). It should be stressed to the patient and their family the importance of confidentially and that their information will not be told to anyone outside the medical team. This ensures that the nurse has fulfilled their responsibly within the multi-disciplinary team. The Data Protection Act (1998) was put in place to maintain patient records and information. Therefore the nurse would be upholding these legislations by practising patient confidentiality. When visiting a patient at home or in the hospital, a nurse should ask for consent for patient contact i.e. assessing vital signs. Nurses’ must follow the NMC guidelines although the patient may not understand what the nurse is saying because of a learning disability for example. However, consent must be indicated in some form such as nodding of the head. The NMC (2010) states that â€Å"you should ensure that you gain their consent before you begin to provide care†. If the patient is unable to give consent and is alert, the next of kin is assigned to making the decision due to the best interest of the patient. A nurse is accountable to manage, maintain and monitor the individuals’ weight. The nurse does not only have to keep track but also the family should be involved in managing the weight. Nurses can book weekly appointments with the individual and their family/carer so their weight can be monitored to check for any improvement to the weight or not. The family should monitor the amount the individual consumes daily. They are constantly hungry and cry for more food if it is not given to them. Locks must be placed on cupboards or on the kitchen door to stop them from eating (PWSAUSA, 2009). It will be hard for the individual to cope once this is introduced as they do not know when to stop. This is where the nurse should explain to the individual how important it is to manage their weight and what it can lead to if it is not controlled. The nurse should be there to support them when the individual starts to show aggressive behaviour as it will be hard for the family as well. Adults with PWS are inactive due to their low muscle tone and therefore only require 1,000-1,200 calories a day (PWSA, 2010). Encouraging the individual to be healthy is important. Although the nurse must understand that the patient may be unable to exercise properly due to poor muscle tone, they should encourage the patient to eat healthily for example fruit and vegetables. The individual must not have too many fatty foods i.e sweets and chocolate. By promoting healthy foods will ensure that the individual does not gain more weight than they should. It will be hard for the individual to cope with the new foods introduced to them which is why a nurse will be there to support the individual and family. The nurse can also advise the family on encouraging the patient to do some exercises i.e. helping with house chores. Any sorts of movement can help burn calories. Communication skills is one of the key skills a nurse should have. â€Å"To understand the process of communication, we must understand how people relate to each other† (Faulkner, 1982). Supporting and helping patients and their families, communication is crucial. By managing the individual and their condition, team work is fundamental. It is important to work as team as the main focus in the patient care plan is the individual. Each health care professional has a role to play to help improve the individuals well-being. The main focus is the role of the nurse and how their professional issues can impact on the health and illness of people across the life span. It is important for a nurse to understand individuals and their condition because they can help make it somewhat easier for the patient and their family. This is because the nurse is an allied health professional who enjoys more interaction with the patient than many other members of the multidisciplinary team. Nurses need to respect patients from various backgrounds as PWS can affect people of all ethnicities. This syndrome can be found in people of any ethnic background (Zelweger, 1983). Nurses’ must respect the patients’ background and understand that they may not be able to communicate or understand what is being said. Makaton could be used to enhance communication and is a language programme, which is designed to provide a means of communication to individuals who cannot communicate well by speaking (Beukelman. D.R Mirenda). Makaton can also be used with individuals who have cognitive impairments and specific language impairment that have negatively affected the ability to communicate. An interpreter is also a form of communication as they are translating what the other is saying if English is not their first language. By using interpreters (sign language or foreign languages) will help the patient and the nurse understand what the other is saying i.e. explaining what the condition is. This will also leave the patient happy so they do not feel angry and upset. Some individuals may have a language barrier or cultural beliefs which can go against some forms of treatment. The syndrome is lifelong and unfortunately has no cure, but with the support and advice the nurse will have given the patient and the family, the patient will be happy and content (FPWR, 2010). This essay has included the role of the nurse for this condition and how it can be managed. Overall, the main point is to promote a healthy way of what the individual eats and how it can be managed. Keeping such foods out of sight and having a positive family, helping the individual through the tough times can promote a healthy way of living for the individual. Exercise is crucial in maintaining a healthy weight.